{"id":1747,"date":"2017-08-01T17:18:57","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T17:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/whiteflower1.wpengine.com\/?p=1747"},"modified":"2020-05-14T19:52:46","modified_gmt":"2020-05-14T19:52:46","slug":"native-plants-for-autumn-interest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.whiteflowerfarm.com\/blog\/2017\/08\/01\/native-plants-for-autumn-interest\/","title":{"rendered":"Native Plants for Autumn Interest"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Jonathan Chesler<\/p>\n

Assistant to the Head Gardener<\/em><\/p>\n

As summer hits its high arc and the days grow technically but as yet imperceptibly shorter, Northeastern gardens are in full flush and bloom. Pick-your-own produce places pop up and roadside farm stands fill out with signs for \u2018Native Corn\u2019 and \u2018Native Tomatoes.\u2019 Despite the horticultural inaccuracy found on those placards and in other cases, it\u2019s noteworthy that a plant\u2019s native status is emphasized as an important selling point. True, while everything is native to somewhere, for our purposes, native plants are those that have been found in the Northeast (New England) from pre-Colombian times.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
The white-flowering Coneflower, Echinacea purpurea ‘White Swan,’ and Rudbeckia fulgida sullivantii ‘Goldsturm’ are both improved natives, and they’re both popular with pollinators.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

So why the interest and excitement over natives? Firstly, native plants ask for few resources upon seeding or planting them, and they also give back in abundance. As these plants have co-evolved with native butterflies, moths, birds and the like, they are recognized as sources of food, and good food at that. It\u2019s not by coincidence that White Flower Farm\u2019s Butterfly Magnet Collection, Monarch Butterfly Collection, and Pollinator Garden for Sun heavily favor native cultivars; e.g. Liatris, Phlox, Echinacea, Milkweed, Agastache, and Coreopsis (in no particular order).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Aster ‘Monch,’ an improved variety of our native Aster, begins blooming earlier than most of its relatives. The lavender flowers arrive in our area around July, and they keep on coming until frost.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

When properly placed and established, native plants are vigorous players that usually outperform newcomers when the vagaries of nature throw drought, inundation, disease, and predatory herbivores their way. Not to say that they cannot be affected and even succumb to the aforementioned, but they often can overcome such problems with minimal care. This leads us to the next point: native plants generally don\u2019t need as much water, fertilization and disease control as non-natives. This leaves you more time to fuss over other areas of the garden, or perhaps a chance to sit back and enjoy!<\/p>\n

Finally, despite increasing popularity, natives and native cultivars are uncommon enough to elicit surprise, yet they\u2019re entirely familiar and fitting in our gardens. No matter what kind of environmental conditions you have in your garden, or what kind of color or effect you\u2019re looking for, you\u2019re sure to find a native that excels in one or more areas. Dry or wet, shady or sunny, small or expansive \u2014 there are plenty of choices that are horticulturally interesting in leaf, form or flower. What follows here are some native highlights best seen in fall, before New England\u2019s lakes and ponds release their stored summer heat and before morning mist and leaf peepers displace the snowbirds heading south.<\/p>\n

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Lonicera sempervirens ‘Major Wheeler’ is an improved variety of the straight Honeysuckle species, our native Lonicera sempervirens. Hummingbirds love the tubular flowers on this vine. You’ll love the color that persists from summer into fall.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

While correlation does not imply causation, native fall flowers seem to hit their stride just as \u2018Back to Skool\u2019 advertisements begin to appear. Liatris, Coreopsis, and Monarda (Bee Balm) recede as Trumpet Honeysuckle<\/strong>, Autumn Phlox<\/strong> and Ox-eye Daisies<\/strong> continue their earlier summer shows into early autumn\u2019s prime-time. Echinacea<\/strong>, Rudbeckia<\/strong> and Asters<\/strong> are in full effect. As vacations end and grumbling begins, optimistically bright Black-eyed Susans are true pick-me-ups and are as quintessentially New England as clam chowdah and apple pie.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
New York Ironweed in flower at the site of the former Project Native. The tag on the butterfly is part of a study monitoring their progress in the wild. \/ Photo by Jonathan Chesler<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Goldenrods flower, as does Vernonia novaboracensis<\/strong>, New York Ironweed. White Flower Farm offers the Ironweed cultivar \u2018Iron Butterfly,\u2019 which tops out at about 3\u2019, far below the impressive 6-8\u2019 potential of the straight species, making it far more practical scale-wise for most gardens. It\u2019s a strong favorite of Monarch butterflies, and the persistent seed heads fade to a rust color in the fall, giving it the common name. The seed heads are treasured by birds in the winter.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Part of the Mariachi(TM) series of compact Heleniums, ‘Fuego’ is an improved form of our native Helenium autumnale. It adds vibrant late-season color to the garden.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Another spectacular fall flower is Helenium autumnale<\/strong>, which is also called Dog-tooth Daisy or Sneezeweed. Beyond the straight species\u2019 pure orange-yellow are brighter yellows and reds and oranges best found in the Mariachi\u2122 series, which is also offered and grown here at White Flower Farm. Chelone glabra<\/strong>, Turtlehead, can be a late-to-the-party, white- or pink-flowered, deep green-leafed shade-tolerant plant, which, contrary to much of what\u2019s written, can handle sun, if provided with enough water.<\/p>\n

Eragrostis spectabilis<\/strong>, Purple Love Grass, appears at this time as well, along roadsides and in our new Native Garden designed by Head Gardener Cheryl Whalen.\u00a0\u00a0 The light and feathery, relatively low seed heads are more of a 1980\u2019s neon pink than purple, but semantics notwithstanding, and as the Latin implies, it\u2019s a spectacle not to be missed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Our native Viburnum acerifolium, or Maple-leaved Viburnum, produces lacy white blossoms in summer followed by richly colored foliage in the fall. \/ Photo courtesy of Missouri Botanical Gardens<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Maple-leaf Viburnum puts on its autumn show. The berries are inedible to humans but they’re favored by birds. \/ Photo by Jonathan Chesler<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In addition to flowers, shrubs small and large come into their own just as signs for New England\u2019s Fall Fairs start appearing by roadsides, framed by the aforementioned Eragrostis. Red or black, you win either way with Chokecherry<\/strong> roulette. The fiery red foliage is a feast for the human eye, and for many a hungry bird to boot. And while most people fend off angry birds to protect their blueberry crop, Blueberry<\/strong> bushes both high and low are surprisingly undervalued for their foliage, which I find even more attractive than the Chokecherries, and far superior to the invasive, thornily ornery Berberis thunbergii, more commonly known as Japanese Barberry. If you prefer the hot pink fall foliage of Barberry to the redder Blueberry, there is still a native answer \u2013 Viburnum acerifolium<\/strong>, Maple-leaved Viburnum. This understory shrub is eye-catching and, like the Chokecherries, its berries are inedible for humans but delicious to our avian companions.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Amsonia hubrichtii, its foliage glowing yellow in autumn, is a Southeastern native and a cousin of our Northeastern native, Amsonia tabernaemontana.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In addition to brilliant colors, there is a wide variety of natives that offers interesting foliage textures to Northeast gardeners. While many of the above have small leaves and the Amsonias<\/strong> in particular take fine texture quite seriously, Hydrangea quercifolia<\/strong>, the Oak-leaf Hydrangea, and Rubus odoratus<\/strong>, or Flowering Raspberry, have broad leaves and coarse texture. Both need a fair amount of room, and they tolerate or prefer light to part shade. Shade will reduce bloom size and number, but if that\u2019s not the goal, they can fill in space very nicely. I have an Oak-leaf Hydrangea that was slammed into a lightly shaded corner quickly before the frost two years ago, but it has responded so well in form and flower that the most temporary solution became the most permanent.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Pretty Clethra ‘Ruby Spice’ adds beauty and fragrance to summer gardens. The dark green foliage turns yellow in autumn. It’s an improved form of the native Clethra alnifolia.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Oak-leaf Hydrangea\u2019s spectacular orange, scarlet and purple extends its seasonal interest and contrasts the lemon yellow of the Flowering Raspberry. In addition to the red and pink fall foliage described above, Lindera benzoin<\/strong> or Spicebush, Clethra alnifolia<\/strong> or Sweet Pepperbush, and Amsonia tabernaemontana<\/strong> or Bluestar, provide attractive yellows to brighten the fall color palette.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Rudbeckia ‘Goldsturm’ is a standout in the late summer border amid violet pink Phlox, paler pink Agastache (foreground right), the dried flower heads of Drumstick Allium (left), and globe-shaped Allium (foreground right), and Ornamental Grass.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In this New-York-minute scramble through the ancient Adirondacks, past Congregationalist churches, \u201cNative Corn\u201d farm stands and \u201cPick Your Own\u201d pastures, I hope you\u2019ve sensed the wide variety of available native plant material, whether you aim for sun or shade, big or small, flower, leaf color or shape, or edibility for yourselves or for friendly fauna. So explore, and indeed, pick your own!<\/p>\n

[Editor’s note<\/strong>: Among the images here are plants that are not the straight species referred to in the article. Several are what is called “improved” varieties, which means they’re bred from natives with the intent of enhancing particular characteristics such as form, blossom size or color, hardiness, etc. Those who interpret “native” most strictly may wish to seek out the straight species forms of each plant.]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Jonathan Chesler Assistant to the Head Gardener As summer hits its high arc and the days grow technically but as yet imperceptibly shorter, Northeastern gardens are in full flush and bloom. Pick-your-own produce places pop up and roadside farm stands fill out with signs for \u2018Native Corn\u2019 and \u2018Native Tomatoes.\u2019 Despite the horticultural inaccuracy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1753,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,42,37],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nNative Plants for Autumn Interest - White Flower Farm's blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whiteflowerfarm.com\/blog\/2017\/08\/01\/native-plants-for-autumn-interest\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Native Plants for Autumn Interest - White Flower Farm's blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Jonathan Chesler Assistant to the Head Gardener As summer hits its high arc and the days grow technically but as yet imperceptibly shorter, Northeastern gardens are in full flush and bloom. 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